[Bologna Declaration] In 2002 and 2003[21] and 2007[22], strikes took place against the reform of the DM, which focused more on the underfunding of French universities since May 1968 than on the Bologna Process. Although the two major student organisations have rejected some aspects of their application to the French system, they generally welcome the European process. Higher education in France is also provided by non-university institutions dedicated to certain disciplines. The Engineering Degree (engineering degree) is awarded to students who have studied for five years in state-recognized engineering schools, especially in Grandes Écoles such as Mines, Centrale and ENAC. .